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Powdery mildew  

Symptoms of Infestation  

Damage symptoms appear on the upper surface of the leaf as white or yellow spots. With continued feeding, these spots turn brown.  

Symptoms begin on the lower leaf surface, then spread to both sides, appearing as white, flour-like spots. This white powder consists of conidial spores and their carriers of the fungus that causes the disease. ​  

As the infection progresses, the affected tissue turns brown due to tissue death.  

In severe cases, leaves tend to curl upward, eventually wilting, drying, and falling off.  

Flower clusters may wilt, and fruit set is reduced.  

When fruits are infected at the early formation stage, their growth stops and they become covered with a white layer.  

If infection occurs at a later stage, fruits grow abnormally, dry out, turn an unnatural color (brown to black), often crack, and fail to ripen under severe infestation.  

Prevention and Control Mechanism
Planting resistant or tolerant varieties.  
Spacing plants adequately to allow good ventilation.  
Regular monitoring of crops to identify early disease hotspots.  
Pruning infected parts and disposing of them by burning or burying outside the farm.  
Weeding to remove plants that act as a source of disease spread and contribute to increased humidity.  
Balanced fertilization and irrigation.  
Plowing and turning the soil after harvest to bury plant residues carrying fungal spores deep into the soil.  
Using agricultural mulch to prevent plant contact with soil contaminated by fungal spores.  
Spraying an approved fungicide upon detection of early disease hotspots.  
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